The Evolving Family in a Revolutionary State

In the aftermath of the Russian Revolution of 1917, the Bolsheviks embarked on an ambitious experiment to reshape society, including the institution of the family. This book offers a comprehensive exploration of Soviet family policy and social life from 1917 to 1936, a period of profound change and upheaval.
The Bolsheviks envisioned a society where the traditional family, with its patriarchal structures and gender inequalities, would wither away. They believed that communal living, public dining halls, and state-run childcare facilities would liberate women from domestic labor and allow them to fully participate in the workforce. However, the reality proved to be far more complex.
Initial attempts at family reform encountered fierce resistance from deeply ingrained traditional values and cultural norms. The peasantry, a significant portion of the population, clung to their traditional family structures and practices, viewing the Bolsheviks' radical ideas with suspicion and hostility.
The state's efforts to promote communal living and dismantle the nuclear family faced numerous challenges. The establishment of communes often led to overcrowding, privacy issues, and a decline in family intimacy. The ideal of collective childcare proved difficult to implement effectively, as the state struggled to provide adequate resources and trained personnel.
Despite these obstacles, the Soviet state persisted in its attempts to reshape family life. The 1918 Marriage Law introduced radical changes, allowing for easy divorce and granting women equal rights in marriage. The 1926 Abortion Law legalized abortion on demand, a groundbreaking step that sparked controversy and debate.
The pendulum of Soviet family policy swung dramatically in 1936 with the introduction of the Family Code. This code reversed many of the earlier reforms, emphasizing the importance of traditional family values, motherhood, and the patriarchal family structure. This shift reflected a broader ideological change within the Soviet Union, as Stalin consolidated his power and sought to instill a sense of stability and order in society.
This book delves into the intricate relationship between the Soviet state, family policy, and social life, shedding light on the complexities of social change and the enduring power of traditional values. It is a valuable resource for anyone interested in Soviet history, gender studies, or the evolution of the family in the 20th century.
If you like this book, write a review!